![]() The constant k is represented as 1/4πε 0 where:įorce acted on any charge due to a number of other charges are the vector sum of all the forces on that charge due to the other charges, taken one at a time.This constant presence in the equation is called a constant of proportionality and is represented by ‘k’ and its values are.Suppose, two point charges q 1, and q 2 are separated by a distance r in a vacuum, the magnitude of the force (F) between them is given by:.The size of the charged bodies is so small that it can be treated as point charges. Coulomb’s law is applicable to the linear size of charged bodies which are much smaller than the distance separating them. In this system, the value of a unit of charge is:Īlso Check: Verify the laws of parallel combination of resistances using a metre bridge experimentĬoulomb’s law is used to measure the force between two point charges. A coulomb is defined as the amount of charge flowing through a wire in 1 second if the current is 1 A (ampere). The SI unit of a charge is coulomb and is denoted by the symbol C. Thus charge ‘q’ on a body is always expressed as The quantization of charge means the electric charge is always an integral multiple of ‘e’. In an isolated system consisting of many charged bodies, charges may get redistributed due to interactions among the bodies, but the total charge of the isolated system is always conserved. While rubbing two bodies, the charge gained by one body is similar to the charge lost by another body. If a system contains n charges q 1, q 2, q 3., q n, then the total charge of the system will be q 1 + q 2 + q 3 +. Coulomb is the unit of electric charge. The properties of Electric Charge are: Additivity of Charges If the charged bodies are in very small size compared to the distances between them, then they can be considered as point charges where all the charge content of the body will be concentrated at one point in space. The charged conductor possesses an unequal number of protons and electrons thus when an uncharged conductor is brought close to it, it then discharges electrons in order to stabilise itself. The process of charging an uncharged object by bringing it close to a charged object is called charging by conduction. Due to friction, both objects get charged and the method of charging involved in this case is known as electrification by friction. The object losing electrons thus becomes positively charged, while the one gaining it becomes negatively charged. In this case, one of the objects is seen to lose electrons, whereas the other gains it. When two objects are rubbed against one another, charge transfer is known to occur. Charging by friction (triboelectric charging).An uncharged object can be charged by means of three methods: ![]() The method of supplying or losing electric charge to an object is known as charging. ![]() Conductor and Insulators Methods of Charging
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